Retired Professor Surichai Wun’Gaeo of Chulalongkorn University, a pioneer in introducing indigenous studies to Thai academia, recently sat down with Dev Kumar Sunuwar on the Hammer Show to discuss the complex relationship between the Thai government and its indigenous peoples.
Professor Wun’Gaeo highlighted the historical context that has shaped this relationship. The country's very name, Thailand, meaning "land of the Thai," reflects a long-standing policy of assimilation. This approach, coupled with the Cold War emphasis on national unity, marginalized the country's diverse ethnic groups and often led to discrimination and human rights violations.
However, with the rise of globalization and the recognition of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, Thailand is gradually shifting towards a more inclusive approach. While the government still doesn't formally recognize the term "indigenous," there's a growing awareness of the need to address past injustices and embrace cultural diversity.
Professor Wun’Gaeo, who spearheaded the introduction of indigenous studies courses at Chulalongkorn University in 2000, believes that universities have a crucial role to play in this process. By incorporating indigenous knowledge and perspectives into their curricula, they can help bridge the gap between mainstream development and the needs of marginalized communities.
"Globalization has brought about a renewed interest in cultural roots and a recognition of the environmental damage caused by mainstream development," he explained. "Universities are starting to realize the importance of indigenous knowledge systems in addressing these challenges."
Despite this progress, access to higher education remains a significant hurdle for many indigenous youth. Professor Wun’Gaeo stressed the importance of collaboration between universities and indigenous communities to ensure that education is truly inclusive and responsive to their needs.
He concluded the interview with a message of hope, emphasizing the deep connections between people and the need for greater responsibility towards the planet. "We must learn to live in harmony with nature," he urged. "Indigenous knowledge can guide us towards a more sustainable and equitable future."
Professor Wun’Gaeo's insights shed light on the evolving dynamics between the Thai government and its indigenous peoples. As Thailand navigates the complexities of globalization, the country has a unique opportunity to embrace its rich cultural heritage and build a more inclusive society for all.